In Tajikistan the investigative work were not carried out. Now, activization of intercontinental and intergovernmental population migration, broadening of the import and export flow of the different goods, and also frequent bioterrorism factors aggravate problems of all different kind of infection, from the point of spread of the different infectious diseases. It causes the necessity of epidemiological surveillance strengthening over all kind of infections, particularly of tularemia. According to data of Khatlon and Sugd districts’ Curative Institution in 2005 and 2008 infected patients having infection similar to tularemia entered to clinics. On the territory of our republic the main carriers (hares, muskrats, home and forest mice, gerbils) spread in the South and North region of Tajikistan that is in these districts where the infected patients with similar of tularemia entered to clinics. As the absence of the investigative works in tularemia’s sphere, the investigative works with the purpose of the detection of the possible tularemia stimulant’s circulation and in the future controlling over its circulation places is required to re-establish the investigative works, to strength the epidemic control and study of epizootology in both acting natural tularemia pestholes and in potential ones.