International Science and Technology Center

Objective

Within the framework of this project it is planned to investigate statistical characteristics of scattered electromagnetic waves propagating in the lower atmospheric layers and turbulent anisotropic magnetized (TUAMAG) ionospheric plasma. This project will solve important tasks of the global problems: “Propagation in turbulent absorptive media” and “Climate Change”. Different disciplines: radio physics, plasma physics, atmosphere physics, hydrodynamics, statistical physics, geophysics, meteorology, theoretical aspects of partial differential equations and mathematical physics will be applied in the Project opening new horizons for science. Combined efforts involving theoretical and numerical studies are the key to the advancement of this field of science.
We proposed a complete theory of low-frequency MHD oscillations in the weakly ionized ionospheric E-region deriving the general dispersion equation for magneto-acoustic, magneto-gravity, planetary waves in the ionospheric E and F- regions. New “Stochastic Dynamo Field” method clarified new class of low-frequency electromagnetic planetary waves in the ionospheric E- and F-regions: first two frequencies represent the acoustic branch, containing ordinary acoustic wave and magneto-acoustic wave with its limiting case – helicons (atmospheric whistlers); second pair of frequencies are the internal gravity waves; fifth frequency belongs to the planetary Rossby waves; third pair of frequencies represents slow MHD Alfven-type waves. Eighth eigenfrequency was recently discovered by us. In the ionospheric E-region, this is fast planetary waves in the electronic plasma component and slow planetary Rossby-type waves in the ionic plasma component; in the ionospheric F-region this is a single entity propagating with the velocity of fast planetary waves. First innovation of the Project is the application of the “Stochastic Dynamo Field” method; energy exchange between MHD waves and turbulent flow having substantial influence on the climate will be calculated first time using the stochastic transport equation.
Second innovation of the project is the new statistical theory of the turbulent diffusion of passive impurities transfer in the lower atmospheric layers using the effective dielectric permittivity method. Effective turbulent diffusion coefficient will be obtained including molecular and turbulent diffusions. In numerical calculations we will use the ESA and NASA database, also data of meteorological ground based stations. Isolines and three dimensional pictures of the pollutant redistribution at various meteorological conditions will be constructed. Algorithm of the video presentation of passive impurity transfer at different distances from a source will be patented keeping IPR. The obtained results will have practical applications in ecology, earthquake, volcanic eruptions, magnetic storms, and other phenomena.
Random variations of the meteorological parameters in the atmosphere cause spatial-temporal variations of electron density, temperature; electric and magnetic fields leading to the fluctuations of scattered high-frequency radio waves on different altitudes above the Earth’s surface. Investigation of statistical characteristics of scattered “fast” and “slow” low-frequency MHD waves in turbulent flow and multiple scattered high-frequency radio waves in the TUAMAG collisional ionospheric plasma taking into account both electron density and external magnetic field fluctuations (in magnitude and direction) is third innovation of the Project. We will investigate analytically (using the smooth perturbation method) and numerically correlation functions of the phase and amplitude fluctuations of scattered ordinary and extraordinary waves (o- and e-waves) including polarization coefficients, angles of arrivals in the principle and perpendicular planes, scintillation index

, Stokes parameters, depolarization coefficients, Faraday’s effect and wave structure functions for different spectra. Second order statistical moments will include: geometry of the task, thickness of a slab, absorption coefficient, angle of incidence, angle between the direction of an external magnetic field and the normal to the layer boundary, characteristic spatial-temporal scales of electron density fluctuations and anisotropy of irregularities. Numerical calculations will be carried out for different spectral functions of electron density irregularities characterising these ionospheric regions, and external magnetic field fluctuations. Video presentation of the phase portraits evaluation of scattered radiation caused by the directional fluctuations of an external magnetic field in TUAMAG plasma will be presented for different non-dimensional parameters characterizing the problem making possible restoring or forecasting different phenomena arising at magnetic storms, earthquakes and other disasters. Algorithm of the phase portraits will be patented keeping IPR. The obtained results will have practical application at the earth observations and mapping, establishing the principles for remote sensing of ionospheric and cosmic plasma by radio using the translucent method, in navigation and communication. Geophysicists also are interested in both the spectral shape and global morphology of the F-region irregularities in hope to get a deeper insight into physical processes, whereas the radio communicator needs a realistic description of irregularities modelling scintillation for application to the satellite systems. Study of the scintillation (extremely useful parameter characterizing the depth of fading of both o- and e-waves in the TUAMAG plasma), temporal-spatial variations of the amplitude and phase have yields much information about structure of ionospheric irregularities and will have application observing geomagnetic micropulsations.
Fourth innovation of this Project is the investigation of new features of discovered by us “Double-Humped Effect”arising at inclined incidence of radio waves on the TUAMAG plasma with electron density and external magnetic field fluctuations taking into account diffraction effects. This effect was considered analytically (using the smooth perturbation method) and numerically for o- and e- waves in collisionless plasma with anisotropic electron density irregularities. We will consider evaluation of a gap of the spatial spectrum for different anisotropic spectra of electron density fluctuations in the TUAMAG collision plasma. Numerical calculations will be carried out using well developed methods and algorithms applying ESA, NASA database and the observation data of meteorological ground based stations. We will patent new features of the “Double-Humped Effect” keeping IPR. The obtained results will have practical application determining characteristic spatial-temporal scales of fluctuating plasma parameters in the upper atmosphere and communication. The shift of the centroid position of the peak in the angular power distribution of the scattered radiation in the Earth’s ionosphere is a measurable quantity.
Participants of the Project are high qualified scientists participating in the international grants, international conferences publishing papers in the refereed scientific journals.
Manager of the Project Prof. George Jandieri and project participants regularly will discuss the obtained results with the collaborators Prof. Ilir Progri (USA), Prof. Akira Ishimaru (USA) and Prof. Banmali Rawat (USA) during the Project implementation. They will have regular meetings at the international symposiums and workshops.

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