Spatial and temporal characteristics of human plague and cholera epidemics in Kazakhstan
Project Status: 8 Project completed
Commencement Date: 01.03.2018
Duration in months: 24 months
Objective
The plague natural foci cover approximately 40% of Kazakh territory where human plague cases are regularly registered. For, example, from 1990 to 2003, 23 human plague cases were occurred in Kazakhstan. Human cholera cases are registered in the areas with certain ecological niches which are favorable for long circulation of cholera microbe in the environment. Since 1993 to 2014, 22 cholera imported cases and 282 local cholera cases were registered. All cases were confirmed by bacteriological methods. Many issues of peculiarities of epidemic processes, clinical manifestation of the diseases, infection risk level, spatial and temporal characteristics of these infections have to be analyzed by use many-year archive data of human plague and cholera cases in Kazakhstan. Today, the data of human plague and cholera cases are not collected in one source. The project “Spatial and temporal characteristics of human plague and cholera epidemics in Kazakhstan” lets to collect all data of human plague and cholera cases in one source such as Atlases- references which will include spatial and temporal characteristics all plague and cholera outbreaks with description of time, places, sources of infection, number of sick people, outcome of diseases, and geographic maps depicting the places of registration of infection. The geographic maps will be created by use ArcGIS program and the maps will show the chronologic data of epidemic manifestation of plague and cholera in the spatial and time levels. The aim of the project is spatial and temporal characteristics of human plague and cholera cases in Kazakhstan by use GIS technologies. In the Atlases each outbreak will be separately described. Within the project following two atlases will be issued – Atlas-references of human plague outbreaks in Kazakhstan and Atlas-references of cholera cases in Kazakhstan. The Atlases will be published on Kazakh, English, and Russian languages. The Atlases will have as fundamental as practical values and the researchers, scientists, students and practical medical specialists will be interested in these books as in Kazakhstan and in foreign countries. Such kind research works will be carried out at the first time in Kazakhstan and it has high level of novelty as in Kazakhstan as in the world. In the books, the specialists who work in the field of especially dangerous pathogens can learn different plague and cholera infection routes, different complicated epidemic situations during the outbreaks, different human behaviors causing the microbe spreading among people. The Atlases will include all historical sides of developing of anti-epidemic and prophylaxis measures during the plague or cholera outbreaks. Also, the collected material of human plague and cholera outbreaks will help to differentiate of territory of Kazakhstan by the risk level of infection people with the plague and cholera and it will be used for rational planning of plague and cholera prevention measurement in Kazakhstan.
