- CFB) technology for the thermal conversion of Kazakhstan coals and co-firing of solid waste to improve waste utilization, fuel efficiency and reduce the environmental load in the energy sector and the urban economy.
Current status. To this date within the framework of cooperation between PI NLA and LLP REDC ERG a CFB gasificator has been developed and currently under assembly construction process. This gasificator is designed for testing the gasification technology of Kazakhstan coals. Within the framework of these activities following works were carried out the:- Shubarkol, Kumyskuduk, Maikuben and Zhalyn coals were characterized for coal gasification;
- CFD simulation of flows with heterogeneous reactions of coal gasification process in the CFB reactor were developed;
- Chemical process modeling of gasification process for Shubarkol, Kumiskuduk, Maikuben and Zhalyn coals were carried out.
The project’ influence on progress in this area. The introduction of solid waste utilization technologies for the production of thermal and electric energy meets a number of the barriers in the city of Astana and Kazakhstan in general. The removal of technological barriers is the main wider goal of this project. These Barriers do not allow conducting reliable economic evaluation of waste to energy projects. These barriers include:- lack of reliable data on the morphological (component) composition, technical, and elemental analysis of components (Proximate and Ultimate analysis), fuel characteristics of municipal solid waste;
- lack of data on the efficiency of the combustion process of solid waste generated in the city of Astana during combustion in fluidized bed boilers;
- lack of reliable data on the output of pollutants generated during the combustion of MSW in the city of Astana.
The participants’ expertise. Employees of PI National Laboratory Astana and REDC ERG have experience in development and design of installations and implementation of research in the field of combustion and gasification of coal for energy purposes. The team of researchers of PI National Laboratory Astana has experience in the development of urban solid waste utilization programs, in heat engineering characterization of solid fuels, CFD simulation of plants for coal combustion/gasification. The group of staff in REDC ERG has extensive experience in experimental research and introduction of new energy and other industrial plants into industry.
Scope of activities. Under this project the following major tasks will be carried out:- Collection of MSW samples in landfills of Astana. Samples will be selected in winter and summer for two years. Analysis of these samples will identify changes in the composition of samples according to the season.
- Characterization of MSW probes for determination of component composition and preparation of samples for analysis. Analysis of MSW components combustion characteristics (proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, activation energy, volatiles composition) and physical-chemical properties of MSW samples.
- The development of solid waste management strategy which takes into account its utilization for energy purposes.
- Determination of thermal properties of mixtures of Ekibastuz and Shubarkol coals with MSW.
- Determination of operation regime characteristics of the coal and MSW blend gasification process using thermodynamic modeling with application package ASPEN PLUS.
- Implementation of experimental research on coal/MSW blends gasification in the CFB reactor. Gasification will be carried out in the air, steam-air and steam-oxygen atmosphere at the temperatures of 750 to 950 °C.
- Implementation of experimental studies to reduce the formation of pollutants: tars, hydrogen chloride, sulfur oxides. The study of the effect of bed materials on emissions.
- Investigation of the main characteristics of multiphase flow in the reactor, data improvement on the performance characteristics, taking into account the heterogeneous reactions of the gasification process using the Eulerian-Lagrangian models of multiphase flows
